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Student Loan Repayment Calculator 2025/26

Calculate your student loan repayments based on your salary, loan balance, and plan type. See your monthly repayments, estimated time to repay, and whether your loan is likely to be written off.

How Student Loan Repayments Work

Student loan repayments in the UK are income-contingent, meaning you only repay when you earn above a certain threshold. The repayment amount is calculated as a percentage of your income above that threshold, not on the total amount you earn. Your employer deducts the repayment from your salary through PAYE, alongside income tax and National Insurance.

Unlike a traditional loan, you do not choose how much to repay each month. The amount is automatically calculated based on your earnings. If your income drops below the threshold (for example, if you lose your job or take a career break), repayments stop automatically. There are no penalties for not repaying, and the loan is written off after a set period regardless of the remaining balance.

It is important to understand that student loan repayments do not affect your credit score and are not visible on credit reports. They are treated more like a graduate tax than a traditional debt. However, they do reduce your take-home pay, which mortgage lenders may take into account when assessing affordability.

Repayment Thresholds and Rates 2025/26

Plan TypeWhoThresholdRateWrite-off
Plan 1Pre-2012 (England/Wales), Scotland, NI£24,9909%25 years
Plan 2Post-2012 (England/Wales)£27,2959%30 years
Plan 4Post-2012 (Scotland)£31,3959%30 years
Plan 5Post-2023 (England)£25,0009%40 years
PostgraduatePostgraduate loan£21,0006%30 years

Interest Rates on Student Loans

Interest rates on student loans vary by plan type and are linked to the Retail Price Index (RPI). Plan 1 loans are charged interest at the lower of RPI or Bank of England base rate plus 1%. Plan 2 loans are charged RPI while studying, and RPI plus up to 3% after graduation depending on income (the maximum rate applies to earners above £49,130). Plan 4 loans mirror Plan 1 rates. Plan 5 loans are charged at RPI only, with no additional income-based margin.

Interest accrues from the day the loan is paid out, including while you are studying. For Plan 2 borrowers, interest rates can be significantly higher than mortgage rates, which is why some people consider making voluntary repayments. However, for the majority who will not repay in full, the interest rate is largely irrelevant as the remaining balance will be written off.

Worked Examples

Example 1: Plan 2 Graduate on £30,000

A graduate with a Plan 2 loan earning £30,000 per year:

  • Repayment threshold: £27,295
  • Income above threshold: £30,000 - £27,295 = £2,705
  • Annual repayment: £2,705 at 9% = £243.45
  • Monthly repayment: £20.29

At £243.45 per year with a £40,000 loan balance and 7.3% interest, the interest alone is approximately £2,920 per year, far exceeding repayments. The loan balance will grow over time and is very likely to be written off after 30 years.

Example 2: High Earner on £60,000

A graduate with a Plan 2 loan earning £60,000 per year:

  • Income above threshold: £60,000 - £27,295 = £32,705
  • Annual repayment: £32,705 at 9% = £2,943.45
  • Monthly repayment: £245.29

Example 3: Multiple Plans (Plan 1 + Postgraduate)

A graduate with both Plan 1 and Postgraduate loans earning £35,000:

  • Plan 1: (£35,000 - £24,990) at 9% = £900.90/year
  • Postgraduate: (£35,000 - £21,000) at 6% = £840/year
  • Total annual repayment: £1,740.90
  • Total monthly repayment: £145.08

Will My Student Loan Be Written Off?

Whether your student loan will be written off depends on your lifetime earnings relative to your loan balance and interest rate. The Institute for Fiscal Studies estimates that around 70% of Plan 2 borrowers will not repay their loan in full before it is written off after 30 years. For these borrowers, the loan effectively operates as a graduate tax of 9% on income above the threshold for 30 years.

Key factors that determine whether write-off is likely include your starting salary, expected salary growth, loan balance at graduation, and the prevailing interest rate. Generally, graduates in higher-paying careers (medicine, law, finance, engineering) are more likely to repay in full, while those in public sector or lower-paid roles are more likely to see their loan written off.

Common Mistakes with Student Loan Repayments

1. Overpaying When Write-off is Likely

If your loan is likely to be written off, making voluntary overpayments means you are paying back more than you need to. The money would be better used for savings, pension contributions, or paying off higher-interest debt. Use this calculator to estimate whether full repayment is realistic before committing to overpayments.

2. Not Checking Your Plan Type

Many borrowers are unsure which plan they are on, leading to incorrect estimates of their repayments. Check your Student Loans Company (SLC) account online to confirm your plan type. The difference between thresholds can mean hundreds of pounds per year in repayments.

3. Forgetting to Update After Repayment

If you repay your student loan in full, you need to ensure your employer stops making deductions. HMRC should send a stop notice, but this does not always happen promptly. If you are close to repaying in full, consider switching to direct debit payments to avoid overpaying through PAYE.

4. Ignoring the Impact on Take-Home Pay

Student loan repayments reduce your take-home pay, which can affect mortgage affordability assessments. A Plan 2 borrower earning £40,000 repays £1,143.45 per year (£95.29 per month). When budgeting or applying for a mortgage, make sure to account for these deductions alongside tax and National Insurance.

Frequently Asked Questions

How are student loan repayments calculated?
Student loan repayments are calculated as a percentage of your income above the repayment threshold for your plan type. For Plans 1, 2, 4, and 5, the repayment rate is 9% of income above the threshold. For Postgraduate loans, it is 6% above the threshold. The thresholds for 2025/26 are: Plan 1 — £24,990, Plan 2 — £27,295, Plan 4 — £31,395, Plan 5 — £25,000, Postgraduate — £21,000. Repayments are deducted from your salary through PAYE, similar to income tax and National Insurance.
What is the difference between Plan 1 and Plan 2?
Plan 1 applies to students who took out loans before September 2012 in England and Wales, or all student loans from Scotland and Northern Ireland. Plan 2 applies to students who took out loans from September 2012 onwards in England and Wales. The key differences are the repayment threshold (Plan 1: £24,990, Plan 2: £27,295 for 2025/26), the interest rate (Plan 1: lower of RPI or base rate + 1%, Plan 2: RPI + up to 3% depending on income), and the write-off period (Plan 1: 25 years or age 65, Plan 2: 30 years from the April after graduation).
When is my student loan written off?
Student loans are written off after a set period depending on your plan type. Plan 1 loans are written off 25 years after becoming eligible for repayment, or when you reach age 65. Plan 2 loans are written off 30 years after the April following the completion of your course. Plan 4 (Scotland) loans are written off 30 years after becoming eligible for repayment. Plan 5 loans are written off 40 years after the April following the completion of your course. Postgraduate loans are written off 30 years after the April following graduation. Any remaining balance at write-off is cancelled and does not need to be repaid.
Can I have multiple student loan plans at once?
Yes, you can have multiple student loan plans simultaneously. This commonly happens if you have an undergraduate loan (Plan 1, 2, 4, or 5) and a Postgraduate loan. When you have multiple plans, repayments are calculated and deducted separately for each plan. Your employer will deduct both repayments from your salary through PAYE. The repayment thresholds and rates are applied independently to each plan.
Should I make voluntary repayments on my student loan?
Whether to make voluntary repayments depends on your circumstances. If your loan is likely to be written off before you repay it (which is common for Plan 2 borrowers on average incomes), making extra payments means you would be paying more than necessary. However, if you are a high earner who will repay the loan in full, extra payments reduce the total interest you pay. Consider the interest rate on your loan compared to savings rates and other debt rates. Many financial advisors suggest that Plan 2 borrowers earning under £50,000 are unlikely to repay in full and should not make voluntary payments.
What is Plan 5 and who does it apply to?
Plan 5 applies to students in England who started their course on or after 1 August 2023. It was introduced as part of reforms to student finance. Key features of Plan 5 include: a lower repayment threshold of £25,000 (compared to £27,295 for Plan 2), the same repayment rate of 9% above the threshold, a longer write-off period of 40 years (compared to 30 years for Plan 2), and a lower interest rate capped at RPI (no additional margin based on income, unlike Plan 2). The longer write-off period means graduates may be making repayments for longer.

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